Factors That Enhance Health Literacy in Dealing with HIV Stigma: A Scoping Review

Document Type : Review Article.

Authors

1 Doctoral Student, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Aisyiyah Bandung, Indonesia

3 Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

4 Centre for Nursing Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia

5 Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Aisyiyah Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Efforts to reveal the factors that drive health literacy toward eradicating stigma in people with HIV/AIDS are significant. This study aimed to identify and extract the factors that promote health literacy in eliminating HIV stigma in society. 

Material and Methods: The scoping reviews study was used to map out the evidence for recommendations based on PRISMA-ScR. Systematically search through Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), CINAHL via EBSCOhost, and SpringerLink to find articles published during 2017-2022. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria, focusing on factors that mediate health literacy in eradicating HIV/AIDS stigma. 

Results: Twenty-eight articles met the criteria and were used in the review. After reviewing the articles, the factors that promote health literacy in eradicating HIV stigma in society were divided into three main dimensions: personal characteristics, societal and environmental factors, and situational factors regarding the disease, with 16 component factors. 

Conclusion: Health literacy impacts reducing social stigma against people with HIV in society. Factors influencing health literacy must be considered to optimize social stigma reduction. The factors mentioned comprise individual traits, knowledge, motivation, social support, information media, awareness of the disease, fear of HIV transmission, perception of the disease, and personal beliefs about HIV disease. Health professionals could use this evidence to promote health literacy to address the social stigma against people living with HIV based on the factors related to health literacy.

Keywords

Acknowledgements: We express our profound appreciation to all the respondents involved in this study. We also thank the Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology, Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia and Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, for supporting this study.


Availability of data and materials: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.


Conflicts of interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.


Consent for publication: Not applicable.


Ethical approval and consent to participate: Not applicable.


Funding: This study was funded by the Directorate General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology, Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia (Contract Number 1323/UN3/LPPM/PT.01.03/2023).


Author contributions: AW created the study's presented idea, concept, and design. AW and ATW wrote the draft of the manuscript. AW directed the study, is the guarantor, accepts full responsibility for the finished work and the study's conduct, and has access to the data. AY, NDK and SY performed the review. AW and ATW revised the manuscript. All authors discussed the findings and provided feedback on the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript to be published and revised the manuscript. All authors discussed the results and provided input on the manuscript.

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