Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Literacy: Exploring the Nexus. A Scoping Review

Document Type : Review Article.

Authors

1 Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Doctorate in Health Sciences, Manizales, Colombia

2 Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, ZIPATEFI Research group, Pereira, Colombia

3 Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Investigación y Desarrollo en Cultura de la Salud, Research Group, Pereira, Colombia.

Abstract

Background and Objective: Physical literacy refers to a set of knowledge, skills and attitudes related to physical activity, while cardiorespiratory fitness is a crucial indicator of an individual's cardiovascular and pulmonary health. Understanding the interaction between these two concepts is crucial in the context of health promotion and physical education. Such understanding provides valuable information that can be used to develop policies and intervention programmes. 

Materials and Methods: The study adopted a scoping review approach to explore and synthesize the existing scientific literature on the relationship between physical literacy and cardiorespiratory fitness. This methodological approach was selected due to its efficiency in quickly gathering and mapping relevant information, following the recommendations of the PRISMA standard for scoping reviews. A total of 10 research articles were reviewed in this process, encompassing methodologies ranging from cross-sectional and quasi-experimental to prospective studies. 

Results: Preliminary findings from this research indicate that there is a dynamic and close interaction between physical literacy and cardiorespiratory fitness. This relationship highlights the holistic nature of physical literacy, whereby knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to physical activity are closely linked and intertwined with cardiorespiratory health.

Conclussions: This cycle generates positive outcomes, as physical literacy encourages and inspires individuals to engage in sustainable physical activity. This study aims to analyse the relationship between physical literacy and cardiorespiratory fitness

Keywords

Acknowledgment: In concluding this review article, we wish to express our sincere gratitude to all the contributions and previous work that have been essential to the completion of this analysis. We extend our gratitude to the researchers and authors whose works have significantly enriched the field of study, serving as fundamental pillars for our reflections.


Availability of data and materials: All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this manuscript and its supplementary information files.


Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.


Consent for publication:  Not applicable.


Ethical Approval and consent to participate: Because this study is a scoping review, its primary objective is the synthesis and critical analysis of the existing literature. As the research does not involve the collection of primary data or the direct involvement of humans in the study, formal approval by an ethics committee or obtaining informed consent from participants is considered unnecessary. It should be noted that this approach aligns with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring ethical standards are upheld even in literature-based reviews.


Funding: This work was produced in collaboration between the Universidad Autónoma de Manizales and the Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina.


Author Contributions: This study is the result of collaboration between BEPP, AGR y AVC. All authors have contributed to, revised, and improved the manuscript equally. All authors have reviewed the final manuscript. All authors have read and accepted the published version of the manuscript.

 

Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

  1. Whitehead M. The Concept of Physical Literacy. Eur J Phys Educ. 2001;6(2):127-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/1740898010060205
  2. Dudley D, Cairney J, Wainwright N, Kriellaars D, Mitchell D. Critical Considerations for Physical Literacy Policy in Public Health, Recreation, Sport, and Education Agencies. Quest. 2017 Oct;69(4):436-52.
  3. Keegan RJ, Barnett LM, Dudley DA, Telford RD, Lubans DR, Bryant AS, et al. Defining physical literacy for application in Australia: A modified delphi method. J Teach Phys Educ. 2019;38(2):105-18. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0264
  4. Tremblay MS, Costas-Bradstreet C, Barnes JD, Bartlett B, Dampier D, Lalonde C, et al. Canada's Physical Literacy Consensus Statement: Process and outcome. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(Suppl 2).
  5. Longmuir PE, Boyer C, Lloyd M, Yang Y, Boiarskaia E, Zhu W, et al. The Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy: Methods for children in grades 4 to 6 (8 to 12 years). BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1).
  6. Francis CE, Longmuir PE, Boyer C, Andersen LB, Barnes JD, Boiarskaia E, et al. The Canadian Assessment of Physical literacy: Development of a model of children's capacity for a healthy, active lifestyle through a Delphi process. J Phys Act Heal. 2016;13(2):214-22. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2014-0597 PMid:26106940
  7. Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1·9 million participants. Lancet Glob Heal. 2018 Oct 1;6(10):e1077-86.
  8. Li J, Siegrist J. Physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease-a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Vol. 9, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI); 2012. p. 391-407.
  9. Lee DC, Sui X, Ortega FB, Kim YS, Church TS, Winett RA, et al. Comparisons of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness as predictors of all-cause mortality in men and women. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(6):504-10. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.066209 PMid:20418526
  10. Myers J, Kokkinos P, Arena R, LaMonte MJ. The impact of moving more, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness: Why we should strive to measure and improve fitness. Vol. 64, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. W.B. Saunders; 2021. p. 77-82.
  11. Ross R, Blair SN, Arena R, Church TS, Després JP, Franklin BA, et al. Importance of Assessing Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Clinical Practice: A Case for Fitness as a Clinical Vital Sign: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;134(24):e653-99.
  12. Myers J, Kokkinos P, Arena R, LaMonte MJ. The impact of moving more, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness: Why we should strive to measure and improve fitness. Vol. 64, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. W.B. Saunders; 2021. p. 77-82.
  13. DeFina LF, Haskell WL, Willis BL, Barlow CE, Finley CE, Levine BD, et al. Physical Activity Versus Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Two (Partly) Distinct Components of Cardiovascular Health? Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2015;57(4):324-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2014.09.008 PMid:25269066
  14. Wisnieski L, Dalimonte-Merckling D, Robbins LB. Cardiorespiratory fitness as a mediator of the association between physical activity and overweight and obesity in adolescent girls. Child Obes. 2019;15(5):338-45. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2018.0360 PMid:31091137 PMCid:PMC6590713
  15. Cairney J, Veldhuizen S, Graham JD, Rodriguez C, Bedard C, Bremer E, et al. A Construct Validation Study of PLAYfun. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018;50(4):855-62. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001494 PMid:29140898
  16. Stearns JA, Wohlers B, McHugh TLF, Kuzik N, Spence JC. Reliability and Validity of the PLAYfun Tool with Children and Youth in Northern Canada. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 2019;23(1):47-57. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2018.1500368
  17. Cairney J, Veldhuizen S, Graham JD, Rodriguez C, Bedard C, Bremer E, et al. A Construct Validation Study of PLAYfun. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018;50(4):855-62. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001494 PMid:29140898
  18. Cornish K, Fox G, Fyfe T, Koopmans E, Pousette A, Pelletier CA. Understanding physical literacy in the context of health: a rapid scoping review. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09583-8 PMid:33076887 PMCid:PMC7570403
  19. Colombo F. Human functioning: realizing the value of health. Front Sci. 2023;1:1-4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsci.2023.1220926
  20. Arksey H, O'Malley L. Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. Int J Soc Res Methodol Theory Pract. 2005;8(1):19-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616
  21. Levac D, Colquhoun H, O'Brien KK. Scoping studies: Advancing the methodology. Implement Sci. 2010;5(1):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-5-69 PMid:20854677 PMCid:PMC2954944
  22. Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O'Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Vol. 169, Annals of Internal Medicine. 2018. p. 467-73.
  23. Khangura S, Polisena J, Clifford TJ, Farrah K, Kamel C. Rapid review: An emerging approach to evidence synthesis in health technology assessment. Vol. 30, International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. Int J Technol Assess Health Care; 2014. p. 20-7.
  24. La Gerche A, Burns AT, Mooney DJ, Inder WJ, Taylor AJ, Bogaert J, et al. Exercise-induced right ventricular dysfunction and structural remodelling in endurance athletes. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(8):998-1006. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehr397 PMid:22160404
  25. Numminen O, Virtanen H, Hafsteinsdóttir T, Leino-Kilpi H. Postdoctoral nursing researcher career: A scoping review of required competences. Vol. 7, Nursing Open. Nurs Open; 2020. p. 7-29.
  26. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Vol. 372, The BMJ. British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2021.
  27. Park J, Rhee CM, Sim JJ, Kim YL, Ricks J, Streja E, et al. A comparative effectiveness research study of the change in blood pressure during hemodialysis treatment and survival. Kidney Int. 2013;84(4):795-802. https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.2013.237 PMid:23783241 PMCid:PMC3788841
  28. Lang JJ, Chaput JP, Longmuir PE, Barnes JD, Belanger K, Tomkinson GR, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with physical literacy in a large sample of Canadian children aged 8 to 12 years. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(2):1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5896-5 PMid:30285694 PMCid:PMC6167777
  29. Caldwell HAT, Di Cristofaro NA, Cairney J, Bray SR, Macdonald MJ, Timmons BW. Physical literacy, physical activity, and health indicators in school-age children. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(15):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155367 PMid:32722472 PMCid:PMC7432049
  30. MacDonald DJ, Saunders TJ, Longmuir PE, Barnes JD, Belanger K, Bruner B, et al. A cross-sectional study exploring the relationship between age, gender, and physical measures with adequacy in and predilection for physical activity. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(Suppl 2):68-74.
  31. Gilic B, Malovic P, Sunda M, Maras N, Zenic N. Adolescents with Higher Cognitive and Affective Domains of Physical Literacy Possess Better Physical Fitness: The Importance of Developing the Concept of Physical Literacy in High Schools. Children. 2022;9(6).
  32. Zhang C, Liu Y, Xu S, Sum RKW, Ma R, Zhong P, et al. Exploring the Level of Physical Fitness on Physical Activity and Physical Literacy Among Chinese University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychol. 2022;13(March):1-9.
  33. Nezondet C, Gandrieau J, Nguyen P, Zunquin G. Perceived Physical Literacy Is Associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Composition and Physical Activity Levels in Secondary School Students. Children. 2023;10(4):712. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10040712 PMid:37189960 PMCid:PMC10136585
  34. Zhang D, Shi L, Zhu X, Chen S, Liu Y. Effects of intervention integrating physical literacy into active school recesses on physical fitness and academic achievement in Chinese children. J Exerc Sci Fit. 23AD;
  35. Kwan MYW, Graham JD, Healey C, Paolucci N, Brown DM. Stopping the drop: Examining the impact of a pilot physical literacy-based intervention program on physical activity behaviours and fitness during the transition into university. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(16):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165832 PMid:32806584 PMCid:PMC7459702
  36. Nezondet C, Gandrieau J, Bourrelier J, Nguyen P, Zunquin G. The Effectiveness of a Physical Literacy-Based Intervention for Increasing Physical Activity Levels and Improving Health Indicators in Overweight and Obese Adolescents (CAPACITES 64). Children. 2023;10(6).
  37. Oh M, Zhang D, Whitaker KM, Letuchy EM, Janz KF, Levy SM. Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity trajectories during adolescence and young adulthood predict adiposity in young adulthood: The Iowa Bone Development Study. J Behav Med. 2021;44(2):231-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-020-00190-x PMid:33068254 PMCid:PMC9181484
  38. Sunda M, Gilic B, Sekulic D, Matic R, Drid P, Alexe DI, et al. Out-of-School Sports Participation Is Positively Associated with Physical Literacy, but What about Physical Education? A Cross-Sectional Gender-Stratified Analysis during the COVID-19 Pandemic among High-School Adolescents. Children. 2022;9(5):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9050753 PMid:35626930 PMCid:PMC9139184
  39. Whitehead M. The concepts and principles of equity and health. 1991.
  40. Barnett LM, Dudley DA, Telford RD, Lubans DR, Bryant AS, Roberts WM, et al. Guidelines for the selection of physical literacy measures in physical education in Australia. J Teach Phys Educ. 2019;38(2):119-25. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0219
  41. Longmuir PE, Boyer C, Lloyd M, Borghese MM, Knight E, Saunders TJ, et al. Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment (CAMSA): validity, objectivity, and reliability evidence for children 8-12 years of age. J Sport Heal Sci. 2017;6(2):231-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2015.11.004 PMid:30356598 PMCid:PMC6189007
  42. Holler P, Jaunig J, Moser O, Tuttner S, Simi H, Wallner D, et al. Primary care and physical literacy: A non-randomized controlled pilot study to combat the high prevalence of physically inactive adults in Austria. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(16).
  43. Tremblay M, Lloyd M. Physical Literacy Measurement - The Missing Piece. Phys Heal Educ J. 2010;76(1):26-30.
  44. Dudley DA. A Conceptual Model of Observed Physical Literacy. Phys Educ. 2015;72(5).
Journal of Health Literacy
Volume 9, Issue 3 - Serial Number 35
September 2024
Pages 9-30

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics