Effectiveness of group film therapy on happiness and quality of life among elderly adults of Kahrizak nursing home

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 MSc of psychology, psychology Faculty, Branch of Arak, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Counseling, Psychology and Education Department, Faculty of Humanities, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran

3 Psychology Faculty, Branch of Arak, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.

Abstract

Background and objective: The recent research has shown the efficacy of happiness and quality of life on mental and physical health. In addition, considering the aging population continuously increases therefore, the aim of current research is to investigate the efficacy of group film therapy on happiness and quality of life in elderly adults’ women.
Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre and post- tests. The population of study was Kahrizak nursing home residents. 24 elderly adults’ women selected through the criteria. They were assigned randomly to the control and experimental groups. The experimental groups received film therapy for eight treatment sessions (90 minutes for one session per week). The research instruments were Oxford Happiness Index (OHI) and WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL- BREF). Statistical analysis conducted by analysis of covariance.
Results: There was significantly difference (F= 8.42, sig= 0.009) between mean’s scores of pre (M=28.33) and post-test (M=53) of happiness of experimental group among elderly adults. Also, it was not observed significantly difference (F=3.11, sig= 0.09) between mean’s scores of pre (M=99.5) and post-tests (M=105.7) of life quality of experimental group among elderlies.
Conclusion: Film therapy has positive effects on happiness and moderately on quality of life in older adults. Hence, film therapy could be considered as an alternative or complementary approach to existing therapies for enhancing happiness among elderly adults.
Paper Type: Research Article.

Keywords

References

1.    Jin K, Simpkins JW, Ji X, et al. The critical need to promote research of aging and aging-related diseases to improve health and longevity of the elderly population. Aging and disease 2015; 6(1): 1.
2.    Khodaabakhshi-Koolaee A, Nasiri Z. Compare Self-Esteem and Social Support among Ageing (Persian). Zah J Res Med Sci 2012;14(9): 101-103.
3.    Wilhelmson K, Duner A, Eklund K, et al. Design of a randomized controlled study of a multi-professional and multidimensional intervention targeting frail elderly people. BMC geriatrics 2011;11(1):24.
4.    Fayers P, Machin D. Quality of life: the assessment, analysis and interpretation of patient-reported outcomes. 3th ed. USA:Wiley-Blackwell, 2015.
5.    Liu L.Quality of life as a social representation in China: a qualitative study, Social Indicators Research 2006; 75: 217-240.
6.    Rezvani M, Mansourian H, Ahmadabadi H,et al. An Assessment on Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Elderly in Rural Regions (Case Study: Neishabour County) (Persian). Rural Research 2013;4(2):301-326.
7.    Zahmatkeshan N, Bagherzade R, Akaberiyan SH, et al. Assessing quality of life and related factors in Bushehr’s elderly people (Persian).JUFMS 2012;2(1): 53-58.
8.    Susniene D,  Jurkauskas A. The concepts of quality of life and happiness–correlation and differences. Engineering Economics 2009; 63(4): 58-66.
9.    Diener E, Lucas RR, Oishi S. Personality, culture, and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual Review of Psychology 2005; 54: 403-425.
10.    Almasi M, Mahmoudiani S, Jafari M. Factors Associated with Feelings of Happiness among the Elderly (Persian). IJN 2015; 27 (92) :23-32
11.    Sharifidaramadi P, Panahali A. A comparison between the level of happiness among the elderly living at home and that of senior home residents (Persian). Salmand 2011; 6 (3) :49-55
12.    Ghasemi A, Abedi A, Bagheban I. The Impact of Group Education Based on Snyder’s Hop Theory on The Rate of Happiness in Eldery’s Life (Persian). Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology 2009; 0 (41) :17-40
13.    Deshpande A, Verma V. Effect of laughter therapy on happiness and life satisfaction among elderly. IJPP 2013; 4(1): 153.
14.    Famil Ahmarian FS, Khodabakhshi Koolaee  A, Falsafinejad MR. The effects of group logo-therapy on life expectancy and sleep quality in elderlies of boarding center of Tehran city (Persian). Journal of Reaserch on Religion & Health  2015; 1(3):11-18
15.    Yousefi Z, Sharifi K, Tagharrobi Z, et al. The Effect of Narrative Reminiscence on Happiness of Elderly Women (Persian). Iran Red Crescent Med J 2015; 17(11):1-8.
16.    Werner J, Wosch T, Gold C. Effectiveness of group music therapy versus recreational group singing for depressive symptoms of elderly nursing home residents: pragmatic trial. Aging & mental health 2015 Oct 12:1-9.
17.    De Dreu MJ, Van Der Wilk ASD, Poppe E, et al. Rehabilitation, exercise therapy and music in patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of the effects of music-based movement therapy on walking ability, balance and quality of life. Parkinsonism & related disorders 2012;18: S114-S119.
18.    Strong P, Lotter G. Reel help for real life: Film therapy and beyond. HTS Theologies Studies/Theological Studies 2015; 71(3): 8.
19.    Powell ML, Newgent RA, Lee SM. Group Cinema therapy: Using metaphor to enhance adolescent: Self-Esteem. Arts in psychotherapy 2006; 33: 247-253
20.    Zhe Wu A. Applying cinema therapy with adolescents and a cinema therapy workshop. Master thesis. California State University, East Bay, 2008.
21.    Newton AK. Silver screens and silver linings: using theatre to explore feelings and issues. Gifted Child Today 1995; 43(18): 14–19,
22.    Bergsma A. Can Movies Enhance Happiness? Journal of Happiness Studies 2010; 11(5): 655-657.
23.    Kingdon D, Swelam M, Granholm E. Cognitive Therapy for Older People with Psychosis. In Handbook of behavioral and cognitive therapies with older adults New York: Springer, 2008, 151-170.
24.    Silva PAB, Soares SM, Santos JFG, et al. Cut-off point for WHOQOL-bref as a measure of quality of life of older adults. Revista de saude publica 2014; 48(3): 390-397.
25.    Pacheco-Ferreira A. Therapeutic Profit by Companion Animals Employment in Health Care of Older People. Revista Gerencia y Políticas de Salud 2012; 11(22): 58-66.
26.    Sarmad Z, Bazargan A, Hejazi E. Research methods in the behavioral sciences (Persian). 26th ed. Tehran: Agah, 2014.
27.    WHOQOL Group. Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychological Medicine 1998; 28: 551-558.
28.    -Skevington SM, Lotfy M, O'Connell KA. WHOQOL Group. The World Health Organization's WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment: psychometric properties and results of theninternational field trial. A report from the WHOQOL Group. Quality of Life Research 2004a ;13: 299-310.
29.    Nejat S, Montazeri A, Holakouie Naieni K,et al. The World Health Organization quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire: Translation and validation study of the Iranian version (Persian). Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research 2006; 4(4): 1-12.
30.    Hills P, Argyle M. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: a compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and individual differences 2002; 33(7): 1073-1082.
31.    Argyle M, Martin M, Crossland J. Happiness as a function of personality and social encounters. In J. P. Forgas, & J. M. Innes (Eds.), Recent advances in social psychology: An international perspective. North-Holland: Elsevier; 1989.
32.    Alipour A, Agah haris M. The validity and reliability of Oxford happiness questionnaire in Iranian people (Persian). Journal Iranian psychology 2007; 3(12): 287-298.
33.    Uhrig SC. Cinema is good for you: the effects of cinema attendance on self-reported anxiety or depression and'happiness' ISER Working Paper Series 2005; 14. Available online : http://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/pubs/workpaps/
34.    Grobler L. An exploration of the use of positive psychology movies to enhance well-being. Master Thesis. USA: North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
35.    Navidian A, Saadat S , Bahari F. The impact of movie therapy on vulnerable women’s self-esteem referring to non-governmental social service clinics of Tehran (Persian). Journal of Kermansha University of Medical Sciences 2015; 8(10):569-578.
36.    Taylor VA, Grant J, Daneault V, et al. Impact of mindfulness on the neural responses to emotional pictures in experienced and beginner meditators. Neuroimage 2011; 57(4): 1524-1533.
37.    Oliver MB, Ash E, Woolley JK, et al. Entertainment We Watch and Entertainment We Appreciate: Patterns of Motion Picture Consumption and Acclaim Over Three Decades. Mass Communication and Society 2014; 17(6): 853-873.
38.    Niemiec RM ,Wedding D. Positive psychology at the movies: Using films to build character strengths and well-being. Boston: Hogrefe Publishing, 2014.
39.    Noel C, Seeley WP.Cognitivist, psychology, and neuroscience: Movies as intentional engines, in A.P. Shimamura (ed.), Psychocinematics: Exploring cognition at the movies.  New York :Oxford University press, 2013,53–75
40.    Yeh YL. The potential of multimedia art to stimulate personal expression of, and reflection on childhood experience. Doctoral dissertation, Coventry University, 2008.
41.    Jaaniste J, Linnell S, Ollerton RL, et al. Drama therapy with older people with dementia—Does it improve quality of life? The Arts in Psychotherapy 2015; 43: 40-48.
42.    Van Deurzen E. Existential counselling and psychotherapy in practice. 3th ed. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2012.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics