The Role of Chatbot Literacy, AI Trust, and HIV/AIDS Sensitivity in Shaping HIV/AIDS Literacy among Adolescents

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Diploma in Midwifery, Universitas Respati Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

2 Bachelor of Applied Media Production, Politeknik Indonusa Surakarta, Indonesia.

Abstract

Background and Objective: Adolescents represent a crucial population for HIV/AIDS prevention, yet their literacy and engagement with digital health resources remain inadequate. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the influence of chatbot literacy, trust in artificial intelligence, and HIV/AIDS sensitivity on HIV/AIDS literacy among late adolescents. 

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2025 involving 926 students from senior and vocational high schools, recruited through stratified random sampling. Data were obtained via a validated questionnaire assessing HIV/AIDS literacy, chatbot literacy, AI trust, AI openness, chatbot choice, and HIV/AIDS sensitivity. The digital survey was distributed using QR codes. Descriptive statistics summarized characteristics; Chi-square tests identified associations; logistic regression determined independent predictors (odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals). Ethical clearance and informed consent/assent were secured. 

Results: HIV/AIDS literacy differed significantly by age, gender, school type, and internet access (p < 0.05). Bivariate analysis showed that chatbot literacy, AI trust, and HIV/AIDS sensitivity were significantly associated with HIV/AIDS literacy (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that AI trust (p < 0.001), chatbot literacy (p = 0.032), and HIV/AIDS sensitivity (p<0.001) remained significant independent predictors. 

Conclusion: HIV/AIDS literacy among adolescents is shaped by digital competence, AI trust, and health awareness. Strengthening these aspects may enhance youth engagement with health information and support preventive behaviors.

Keywords

Acknowledgments: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia through the PFR (Regular Fundamental Research) grant scheme.


Availability of Data and Materials: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.


Conflicts of interest: There are no conflicts of interest.


Consent for publication: Not applicable.


Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (2000 revision) and relevant national guidelines. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Semarang, Indonesia (No. 1049/EA/F.XXIII.38/2025). Written informed consent was obtained from participants aged 18 years and above, while participants under 18 years provided written assent together with parental consent through formal school channels. Participation was voluntary, and confidentiality was ensured through the anonymization of all personal data.


Funding: Funding was provided by the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia.


Authors’ Contributions: MM served as the lead author and coordinated the study implementation, manuscript preparation, and revision. AS contributed to the conceptual and methodological direction of the study and supported the validation of research procedures and findings. HNW was involved in data collection and ensured adherence to the approved research protocol. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.


AI Declaration: In line with COPE and publisher guidelines, AI tools were used only for language editing and did not influence the study design, data collection, analysis, or conclusions. The authors remain fully responsible for the content of this article.

 

Open Access Policy: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Journal of Health Literacy

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 17 February 2026

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